Halves and Quarters of Shapes

When we share things, we want everyone to get a fair amount. In math, when we cut shapes into pieces that are exactly the same size, we call them equal parts. Let's learn about two special ways to divide shapes: halves and quarters!

What are Equal Parts?

Before we learn about halves and quarters, we need to know what an equal part is.

• Equal parts mean every piece of the shape is exactly the same size.
• Unequal parts mean some pieces are bigger or smaller than others.

Imagine cutting a pizza. If you cut it so everyone gets the exact same slice, you have made equal parts!

What is a Half?

When you divide a shape into exactly $2$ equal parts, each part is called a half.

• If you put two halves together, you get the whole shape back.
• For example, if you draw a line straight down the middle of a circle, you get two halves.
• Remember: If one piece is bigger than the other, they are not halves. They must be perfectly equal!

What is a Quarter?

When you divide a shape into exactly $4$ equal parts, each part is called a quarter (sometimes called a fourth).

• It takes four quarters to make one whole shape.
• Imagine folding a square piece of paper in half, and then folding it in half again. When you open it up, you will see $4$ smaller, equal squares. Those are quarters!

How to Tell the Difference

Here is a quick way to remember how we name equal parts:

• $1$ Whole: The shape is not cut at all.
• $2$ Equal Parts: The shape is cut into halves.
• $4$ Equal Parts: The shape is cut into quarters.

Next time you have a sandwich, try asking an adult to cut it into halves or quarters. It is a yummy way to practice your math skills!