Experimental Design Practice Quiz with Answers

Question 1

A researcher assigns 40 volunteers to two treatments by flipping a fair coin for each person (Heads = Treatment A, Tails = Treatment B). What principle of experimental design is this primarily using?

Accepted Answer

Randomization

Answer

Blinding

Answer

Control

Answer

Replication

Question 2

A teacher wants to test whether a new tutoring program increases exam scores. She lets students choose whether to join tutoring, then compares mean exam scores between tutoring and non-tutoring students. What is the most likely issue?

Accepted Answer

Confounding due to self-selection (motivation/ability may differ)

Answer

Blinding is impossible, so no inference can be made

Answer

Replication is missing because only one class was studied

Answer

Randomization ensures the two groups are comparable

Question 3

Scenario: A coach wants to test whether a new warm-up routine improves sprint times for 30 athletes. Which design is best to estimate the causal effect while controlling for athlete-to-athlete differences?

Accepted Answer

Use a matched-pairs (within-athlete) design: each athlete sprints with both warm-ups in random order

Answer

Give the new warm-up to all athletes and compare to last season’s sprint times

Answer

Assign the fastest 15 athletes to the new warm-up and the slowest 15 to the old warm-up

Answer

Let athletes choose whether to use the new warm-up, then compare average sprint times

Experimental Design Practice Quiz with Answers

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