Hypothesis testing flashcards: p-values and errors

Question 1

What is a statistical hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A claim about a population parameter (or distribution) that can be tested using sample data.

Question 2

What is a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

Rejecting $H_0$ when $H_0$ is actually true (a “false positive”); probability $=\alpha$.

Question 3

How do confidence intervals relate to two-sided hypothesis tests?

Accepted Answer

For a two-sided test at level $\alpha$, reject $H_0: 	heta=	heta_0$ iff $	heta_0$ is not in the $(1-\alpha)$ confidence interval for $	heta$.

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